Until recently, most people could only guess as to their pet’s ancestry. The American Kennel Club recognizes more than 150 breeds of dogs and 62 more are considered Foundation Stock. About 400 hybrid breeds are listed by the Hybrid Breed Club. Without some sort of validation from the breeder, people were at a loss to discover what type of dog their pet might be. But, the mapping of the canine genome has now given scientists new tools to help answer some owners’ questions about their pet’s “roots”.

It is now known that humans first domesticated dogs from wolves more than 13,000 years ago, but some “tame” wolves may have associated with early humans as far back as 100,000 years ago. The mapping of the dog’s genome has validated that all of our canine friends, purebred and mutt, descend from the gray wolf. It may seem far-fetched, but Chihuahuas and Great Danes have almost identical DNA and, believe it or not, could actually breed and reproduce. Although most people are content with the love and affection of their mutt, a recent survey showed that 60% of dog owners would welcome knowledge that would help them better understand their pets.

The Wisdom Panel® DNA test for mixed breed dogs enables some of these owners to find answers. This new analysis is a comprehensive DNA based test that uses unique, breed-specific markers in the DNA to identify what breeds are most common in a dog’s ancestry.

So what does all of this mean for you? Knowing the breed predilection to various diseases, could this test predict that your pet will develop cancer or kidney failure?

A board certified veterinary dermatologist and noted author says that the test is “really more for entertainment rather than medical or diagnostic purposes.” A point which another doctors makes is that “the Wisdom Panel should only be used for informational purposes. It should not be used to try and link a disease process with a pet because of its ancestry and known pre-disposition to certain diseases or congenital malformations.”

And what about the legal implications? Could an insurance company deny coverage to you because of your dog’s ancestry? To date, this has not been an issue, but the thought does raise questions. As an example, some cities have tried to enact pit bull bans. But, according to the distributors of the test, there is no method of proving pit bull ancestry due to the genetic variability of this dog. Could other “aggressive” breeds be singled out? Is it possible you may have to move because of your Rottweiler or Doberman? Could your homeowner's insurance deny you coverage because your dog has too much German Shepherd? I feel that that the feedback from fellow veterinarians on Veterinary Information Network that the testing is that it is a waste of the client’s money and just a way for veterinarians to make money.

For those folks who want to provide the latest in pet identification, there is even a DNA fingerprinting test for your pet available through www.PetGadgets.com. Using a cheek swab (just like CSI), scientists can often gather enough DNA to create a DNA fingerprint for your pet. Unfortunately, unlike CSI, pet owners often have to send multiple samples in order to generate enough DNA for the testing.

All in all, the genetic tests have limitations and it will not likely provide any concrete evidence of either medical or behavioral issues. If you have concerns about breed specific diseases or problems, talk with your veterinarian. There are specific DNA tests available for many hereditary diseases of dogs. To see a video on this and many other medical advances, visit www.MyVNN.com.

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Dr Sara Lash runs Healthy Pets Mobile Vet and can be reached at www.drsaralash.com or 919-329-7387(PETS)